Hemoglobinuria test

定义

Hemoglobinuria test is a urine test that checks for hemoglobin in the urine.

Alternative Names

Urine - hemoglobin

How the Test is Performed

A clean-catch (midstream) urine sample 是必要的. The clean-catch method is used to prevent germs from the penis or vagina from getting into a urine sample. To collect your urine, you may get a special clean-catch kit from your health care provider that contains a cleansing solution and sterile wipes. Follow instructions exactly so that the results are accurate.

How to Prepare for the Test

No special preparation is necessary for this test. If the collection is being taken from an infant, a couple of extra collection bags may be necessary.

How the Test will Feel

The test involves only normal urination. There is no discomfort.

Why the Test is Performed

Hemoglobin is a molecule contained within red blood cells. Hemoglobin helps move oxygen through the body.

Red blood cells have an average life span of 120 days. After this time, they are broken down into parts that can make a new red blood cell. This breakdown takes place in the spleen, bone marrow, and liver. If the red blood cells break down in the blood vessels, their parts move freely in the bloodstream.

If the level of hemoglobin in the blood rises too high, then hemoglobin begins to appear in the urine. This is called hemoglobinuria.

This test may be used to help diagnose causes of hemoglobinuria.

正常的结果

Normally, hemoglobin does not appear in the urine.

What Abnormal Results Mean

Hemoglobinuria may be a result of any of the following:

• 伯恩斯
• 压伤
• Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), a disorder that occurs when an infection in the digestive system produces toxic substances
• 肾脏感染
• Kidney inflammation or injury including glomerulonephritis
• 肾肿瘤
• 疟疾
• Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, disease in which red blood cells break down earlier than normal
• Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria, disease in which the body's immune system produces antibodies that destroy red blood cells
• Sickle cell anemia
• 地中海贫血, disease in which the body makes an abnormal form or inadequate amount of hemoglobin
• Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
• Transfusion reaction
• 肺结核

参考文献

Gharavi AG, Landry DW. Approach to the patient with renal disease. In: Goldman L, Cooney KA, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 27日,艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 100.

Riley RS, McPherson RA. Basic examination of urine. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 24日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 29.